{"id":272,"date":"2016-09-07T16:42:40","date_gmt":"2016-09-07T16:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/a3.caaat.pro\/?p=272"},"modified":"2022-02-03T15:12:33","modified_gmt":"2022-02-03T15:12:33","slug":"raising-an-alarm-doctors-fight-to-yank-hospital-icus-into-the-modern-era","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ambientclinical.com\/2016\/09\/07\/raising-an-alarm-doctors-fight-to-yank-hospital-icus-into-the-modern-era\/","title":{"rendered":"Raising an alarm, doctors fight to yank hospital ICUs into the modern era"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"big-cap-wrap danger-zone\"><span class=\"big-cap\">T<\/span>he first thing you notice are the alarms.<\/p>\n<p class=\"danger-zone\">Walk into the intensive care unit in just about any American hospital, and you\u2019ll be bombarded with beeping and blaring noises and flashing lights. It may look high tech. It\u2019s not.<\/p>\n<p class=\"danger-zone\">It\u2019s \u201cno different than it was 50 years ago,\u201d said Dr. Peter Pronovost, a critical care physician at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. \u201cThere are stacks and stacks of machines with wires sticking out of them. It\u2019s chaos.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"danger-zone\">ICUs are one of the most crucial departments of any hospital \u2014 heroic places with devoted staff who pull the sickest of patients from death. But\u00a0many ICU physicians say they\u2019re also woefully \u2014 and often dangerously \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/03\/14\/hospitals-icu\/\">out of date<\/a>.\u00a0Six million patients in the United States pass through ICUs each year, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7867355\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">studies show<\/a> serious and sometimes fatal <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/05\/03\/medical-errors-death\/\">medical errors<\/a> are routine.\u00a0And a recent <a href=\"https:\/\/ccforum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/cc14728\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">review<\/a> published in the journal Critical Care found\u00a0no major advances in ICU care since the field\u2019s inception in the 1960s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Now, a handful of doctors and nurses in places like Baltimore, Boston, and San Francisco are trying to yank the ICU into the 21st century.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Pronovost, for instance, has called in submarine engineers and the physicists who built the spacecraft that whizzed past Pluto last year to help redesign intensive care. They\u2019ve been shocked at how primitive even new ICU units can be: \u201cThey walk through the ICU and just flinch,\u201d Pronovost said.<\/p>\n<p>One of the most pressing problems: None of the medical devices so critical to patient care \u2014 ventilators, pumps, drug infusers, pulse rate monitors \u2014 talk to each other, and, in what\u2019s dubbed \u201cthe alarms race,\u201d all try to outdo each other by beeping ever louder. Nurses answer a false alarm on average every 90 seconds, he said.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"read-more standard\">\n<div class=\"read-more-thumbnail-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"read-more-thumbnail\">\u201cWe have alarm fatigue. We\u2019ve become numb to the noise and start to block them out,\u201d said Rhonda Wyskiel, a former ICU nurse at Johns Hopkins Hospital who now works to develop patient safety measures for hospitals at the Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, which Pronovost directs.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>Pronovost, who made his name devising a checklist for doctors to consult before inserting a central venous catheter \u2014\u00a0a simple innovation that dramatically cut bloodstream infections \u2014 is now trying to create a \u201csmart ICU.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhat I want to do for the ICU is what Steve Jobs did for the iPhone,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_144018\" class=\"media media-align-center media-fill\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"media-content wp-image-144018 size-large-fill\" src=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-1024x683.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-328x219.jpg 328w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-500x333.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-1600x1067.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-640x427.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/PRONOVOST-peter-54-002-864x576.jpg 864w\" alt=\"Peter Pronovost\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-id=\"144018\" \/><figcaption class=\"media-label\"><span class=\"media-caption\">Peter Pronovost, works with medical staff on the Weinberg Intensive Care Unit at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.<\/span><cite class=\"media-credit\">WILL KIRK\/JOHNS HOPKINS MEDICINE<\/cite><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><strong>Moving beyond paper protractors<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>To take one example:\u00a0Many patients\u2019 beds need to be raised to prevent pneumonia. Nurses are supposed to check angles each shift, sometimes using paper protractors. It\u2019s a vital check that sometimes isn\u2019t done or is not documented. Pronovost\u2019s solution: a $2 sensor that could monitor the angle of the bed continuously.<\/p>\n<p>Another sensor could monitor the compression devices that are supposed to pump patient\u2019s limbs to prevent deadly blood clots but are often left unplugged. He\u2019d also like to connect ventilators to patient medical records to make sure vital information like the patient\u2019s height \u2014 which affects the ventilator setting \u2014 is transferred. In his ideal world, all devices in the ICU would be networked and continually monitored, cutting the cacophony of alarms and the nursing workload.<\/p>\n<p>ICU nurses face an average of 200 duties per shift and spend a lot of time checking and double-checking orders and logging simple data from one device into another. Devices that actually spoke to each other and integrated information would leave them more time to spend with patients instead of machines, Wyskiel said.<\/p>\n<form id=\"mc4wp-form-1\" class=\"mc4wp-form mc4wp-form-145511 mc4wp-ajax\" method=\"post\" data-id=\"145511\" data-name=\"On Call\">\n<div class=\"mc4wp-form-fields\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline-content\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-full\">\n<h2 class=\"stat-form-inline-header\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Such thinking is long overdue, said Dr. Marie Csete, an anesthesiologist and critical care specialist who now heads the Huntington Medical Research Institutes in Pasadena, Calif., and has coauthored a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jccjournal.org\/article\/S0883-9441(16)30060-0\/abstract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series of papers proposing ICU upgrades<\/a> in the Journal of Critical Care. She said patient monitoring \u201cneeds to be designed from the ground up\u201d because the current outmoded system is dangerous, inefficient, and impersonal.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<form id=\"mc4wp-form-2\" class=\"mc4wp-form mc4wp-form-43184 mc4wp-ajax\" method=\"post\" data-id=\"43184\" data-name=\"Daily Recap\">\n<div class=\"mc4wp-form-fields\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-inline-content\">\n<div class=\"stat-form-full\">\n<h2 class=\"stat-form-inline-header\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u201cSomewhere under the ventilator, rapid infuser, and stacks of drips, there is a patient, but where do you put your gaze?\u201d said Csete. \u201cWe\u2019re creating a generation of doctors who look at screens instead of patients.\u201d<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<p>Csete knows the dangers first hand: A few years ago, her mother, who was 87 at the time, nearly died in a Florida hospital after an aortic valve replacement. While in the ICU, she developed multiple organ failure and pneumonia. Orders were ignored, alarms were disregarded, and no one seemed to be paying attention. \u201cIf I hadn\u2019t been there, she would have been dead the second day.\u201d Csete said. \u201cI was not impressed.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But reengineering an ICU is a huge undertaking, and one that involves a skill set not taught in medical school. \u201cWhen physicians see the amount of math involved, they just scatter to the hills,\u201d Csete said.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>The paralyzing weight of data overload<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Take the problem of data overload.<\/p>\n<p>All those noisy devices in the ICU generate an immense amount of data. In a modern ICU, a single patient can generate 2,000 data points per day, said Dr. Brian Pickering, an anesthesiologist and critical care physician at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn. In a 24-bed ICU like his, that\u2019s 50,000 data points a day. Important information is easily lost, or forgotten.<\/p>\n<p>Pickering joined the Mayo Clinic nine years ago from Ireland, where patient data was still logged on a paper chart at the end of the bed. He was overwhelmed, he said, by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/09\/06\/electronic-health-records-improve\/\">electronic records<\/a> in the United States that had too many tabs and screens and were difficult to navigate.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPoint. Click. Point. Click. Point. Click. Back and forth,\u201d he said. \u201cThat may work if you\u2019ve only got one patient. But I\u2019ve got 24 in the ICU, and any one of them could be in crisis at any minute.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>With colleagues, Pickering created an \u201celectronic intern,\u201d called AWARE, that identifies the most important information a physician needs and highlights it, organizing it around organ systems. (The system is now being sold to hospitals through a Rochester startup called Ambient Clinical Analytics; Pickering and the Mayo Clinic benefit financially from the sales.)<\/p>\n<p>Another app now being tested, called EMERGE, extracts data from patient records to warn clinicians if an intervention they are planning might cause harm.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s so many things physicians can\u2019t find, so things get missed,\u201d said Hildy Schell-Chaple, an ICU nurse at the University of California, San Francisco Medical Center who has been testing EMERGE, which was developed at Johns Hopkins.<\/p>\n<p>Yet another approach comes from Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital in Boston, which is testing a new secure microblogging platform that allows everyone on an ICU care team to see all messages relating to a patient. It promotes better communication between staff and the patient, and ideally, leads to fewer errors.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"read-more standard\">\n<div class=\"read-more-thumbnail-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"read-more-thumbnail\">That is, if people use it, said Dr. Anuj Dalal, the hospitalist who designed the program. He said some staff members think of the system as too much work. They prefer email, or even old-fashioned pagers.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\u201cFrom a technology standpoint, it\u2019s usable,\u201d Dalal said. \u201cGetting people to use it is a completely different thing.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Learning to see the patient as a person<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Similar resistance has slowed the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/05\/12\/telemedicine-emergency-care\/\">adoption of telemedicine<\/a>, which can link specialists trained in critical care medicine to small hospitals lacking such expertise. The remote specialists can order treatments, check prescriptions, detect errors, and even talk directly to patients.<\/p>\n<p>Early on, some physicians and nurses on the ground in ICUs so disliked the feeling of being watched by distant experts that \u00a0they threw lab coats or towels over cameras. Slowly, acceptance is growing; telemedicine systems are in place in about 16 percent of the country\u2019s ICU units, said Dr. Craig M. Lilly, a critical care specialist at the University of Massachusetts Medical School and expert on telemedicine.<\/p>\n<p>A 2014 study showed telemedicine can reduce ICU mortality \u2014 in large part by ensuring that nurses and physicians respond quickly when patients take a turn for the worse. \u201cSometimes the nurse doesn\u2019t notice, sometimes the nurse is busy doing other things, sometimes the nurse is too chicken to wake up the doctor at 2 a.m., and sometimes the doctor just won\u2019t listen to a nurse,\u201d Lilly said.<\/p>\n<p>New technology may also help ICUs \u2014 once notorious for alienating families and keeping them at arm\u2019s length \u2014 better include loved ones in a patient\u2019s care.<\/p>\n<p>UCSF is now testing bedside tablets that patients or families can use to upload photos and descriptions of themselves. They can let doctors know what they like to be called, what their hobbies are, what they fear about their hospital stay, and what their healing goals are. The care team can then see them as individuals \u2014 and not, Schell-Chaple said, as just some 48-year-old man in Bed 8 who had a liver transplant.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe ICU environment,\u201d she said, \u201cis not set up to treat people with respect and dignity.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u2018A eureka moment\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The biggest hurdle to building a truly smart ICU, has been medical manufacturers who don\u2019t want to open up their devices and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/02\/16\/zika-data-sharing\/\">share the data <\/a>they collect.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI used to be guilty of that too, and it\u2019s unfortunately so shortsighted,\u201d said Joe Kiani, founder of Masimo, a manufacturer of noninvasive patient monitoring devices based in Irvine, Calif. \u201cWe all think we have this amazing data and we want to hoard it, thinking we\u2019ll monetize it some day.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"read-more standard\">\n<div class=\"read-more-text\"><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>But Kiani soon came to realize that free data flow and linked devices were key to improving patient safety. He founded the Patient Safety Movement Foundation in 2013 and is working to get medical device manufacturers to sign pledges that they\u2019ll share data from their devices.<\/p>\n<p>Some 60 of about 100 key device manufacturers have signed on, said Kiani, who is an electrical engineer by training. He\u2019s spent the past decade working on a device, called Root, that can collect and simplify multiple streams of patient data.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI now see a future where everything\u2019s connected,\u201d he said. \u201cHospitals are finally having a eureka moment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em>Correction: An earlier version of this story misstated the location of\u00a0Ambient Clinical Analytics.<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<aside class=\"content-meta\"><\/aside>\n<p>Original Post by Stat News.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2016\/09\/07\/hospital-icu-modernize\/\">Read Original Article<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The first thing you notice are the alarms. Walk into the intensive&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ambient"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Raising an alarm, doctors fight to yank hospital ICUs into the modern era - Ambient<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The first thing you notice are the alarms. Walk into the intensive care unit in just about any American hospital, and you\u2019ll be bombarded with beeping and blaring noises and flashing lights. It may look high tech. 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